Mathematical Terminology
2016-08-07.
Category & Tags:
Math,
Terminology
See also:
Terminology #
English | Chinese | Notes |
---|---|---|
minuend − subtrahend = difference | 被减数 - 减数 = 差 | |
arithmetic progression (AP) / arithmetic sequence | 等差数列 | |
geometric progression (GP) / geometric sequence | 等比数列 | |
derivative | 导数 | |
turning point := at which the derivative changes sign | 极值点 := 导数正负分界点(导数为 0 且变号) | $f’=0$ && $f’(x-\delta) \cdot f’(x+\delta)<0$==单调性发生变化(但$x_0$处不一定可导) |
stationary point / critical point, of a differentiable function := at which the derivative/slope is 0 | 可微函数 的 驻点 := 导数为 0 的点 | $f’=0$,$x_0$可导是前提. 极值点+可导=驻点 |
saddle point (stationary points that are neither local maxima nor minima) | 鞍点 (既不是最大值,也不是最小值的驻点)(导数为 0,不变号) | $f’=0$ && $f’(x-\delta) \cdot f’(x+\delta)>0$ |
inflection [point] == flex | 拐点/反曲点,(凹凸分界点) | $f’’=0$ && $f’’(x-\delta) \cdot f’’(x+\delta)<0$ == 曲率变号 |
concave == convex upward | 凹函数(头向上,两腿向下) | $f’’>0$ |
convex == concave upward | 凸函数(头向下,两腿向上) | $f’’<0$ |
saddle point 鞍点:
秃子看头,凹看腿: (//秃 = 凸)
Linear Algebra #
《Introduction to Applied Linear Algebra Vectors, Matrices, and Least Squares》,目前作为 Stanford 的 EE103 和 UCLA 的 EE133A 教材所使用。 <473 页斯坦福和 UCLA 的线性代数教科书公开,还有配套 PPT 下载!> via Python 数据科学.
Frequently Used Functions #
求复合增长率 //年化底数 #
年均复合增长率(Compound Annual Growth Rate,简称 CAGR),也称复合年均增长率年均复合增长率(Compound Average Growth Rate,CAGR)
复合增长率 = (现有价值/基础价值)^(1/年数)–1 = e^(ln(现有价值/基础价值)/年数)-1
Math Is Fun #
ref: